Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons that exists as a liquid in pure underground reservoirs and remains a liquid when delivered to the surface.

– You will often hear oil referred to as petroleum. Nevertheless, petroleum is a collective term that includes crude oil, condensate and gas.

– The varied types of crude oil are extracted from the earth using a drilling process, after which additional refined into fuels such as petrol, kerosene, diesel and plenty of heavy waxes.

– Petroleum plants can use the method referred to as cracking to scale back the size of very massive hydrocarbon molecules in to more applicable molecules for every day life.

Fractional Distillation:

– Because the completely different components in crude oil have totally different boiling factors, the substances in crude oil can be separated using fractional distillation.
– The crude oil is evaporated and its vapours allowed to condense at completely different temperatures in the fractionating column. Every fraction incorporates hydrocarbon molecules with the same number of carbon atoms.
– Hydrocarbon molecules with a better molecular weight have stronger dispersion forces which subsequently will increase their Petroleum Product manufacture boiling point. For instance gas oil.

– Hydrocarbon molecules with a decrease molecular weight have weaker dispersion forces which subsequently decreases their boiling point. For instance refinery gases.